Deterrence, Reassurance and the North Korean Nuclear Standoff

Invited article written by Reid Pauly, "Deterrence, Reassurance and the North Korean Nuclear Standoff," published in GlobalAsia December 2025, Vol. 20, No. 4.

Abstract: In the pursuit of peace between adversaries, deterrence and reassurance are complementary. To most, this is not intuitive. Deterrence comes from strength, they think, which should frighten a rival. Reassurance feels like comforting the enemy. As such, our instincts fail us.

In this essay, I apply scholarship on deterrence and assurance to the policy aim of maintaining peace in Northeast Asia. I draw especially on arguments developed in my book, “The Art of Coercion: Credible Threats and the Assurance Dilemma.” When it comes to threat-making, credibility is only half the battle. To stabilize deterrence on the Korean Peninsula, therefore, all parties ought to be reassuring one another.

The key takeaways are: Reassurance does not replace deterrence, it is complementary; denuclearization is a goal that reduces the stability of deterrence; military postures on the Korean Peninsula should support deterrence, including through conventional arms control.

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